/*
 * Observer.hpp
 *
 *  Created on: Jan 19, 2010
 *      Author: crueger
 */

#ifndef OBSERVER_HPP_
#define OBSERVER_HPP_

#include <map>
#include <set>

/**
 * Basic structure for the observer pattern
 *
 * Observers register themselves with the observables to be notified when something changes.
 * In the Observable code that changes attributes should be started with OBSERVE;. This macro
 * locks the observer mechanism while changes are done. At the end of the scope in which the
 * macro was placed the lock is released. When the last lock is released all changes are
 * propagated to the observers.
 *
 * Each observerable can have sub-observables. When one of these sub-observables changes and
 * notifies its observers the observable that contains them will also notify its observers.
 * This passing on of updates is blocked, when the main-observable is in the process of
 * updating many of its internal sub-observables. This means the update is not passed, if
 * it is produced while the main-observable itself is within any Observation block.
 */

class Observable;

class Observer
{
  friend class Observable;
public:
  Observer();
  virtual ~Observer();

protected:
  virtual void update(Observable *publisher)=0;
  virtual void subjectKilled(Observable *publisher)=0;
};

class Observable : public Observer {
public:
  Observable();
  virtual ~Observable();

  virtual void signOn(Observer *target, int priority=0);
  virtual void signOff(Observer *target);

protected:
  virtual void update(Observable *publisher);
  virtual void subjectKilled(Observable *publisher);

  virtual void notifyAll();
protected:
// Observer mechanism is done from a static central place
  /**
   * Internal method.
   * Do not call directly. Use OBSERVE macro instead
   */
  static void start_observer_internal(Observable *publisher);
  /**
   * Internal method.
   * Do not call directly. Use OBSERVE macro instead
   */
  static void finish_observer_internal(Observable *publisher);

private:
  typedef std::multimap<int,Observer*> callees_t;
  static std::map<Observable*, int> depth;
  static std::map<Observable*,callees_t*> callTable;
  static std::set<Observable*> busyObservables;

  // Structure for RAII-Style notification
protected:
  class _Observable_protector {
  public:
    _Observable_protector(Observable *);
    ~_Observable_protector();
  private:
    Observable *protege;
  };
};

// extra macro is necessary to work with __LINE__
#define PASTE(a,b) PASTE_HELPER(a,b)
#define PASTE_HELPER(a,b) a ## b
#define OBSERVE Observable::_Observable_protector PASTE(_scope_obs_protector_,__LINE__)(this)
// deprecated macros from before RAII was used
//#define START_OBSERVER Observable::start_observer_internal(this);do{do{}while(0)
//#define FINISH_OBSERVER }while(0);Observable::finish_observer_internal(this)
//#define RETURN_OBSERVER( retval ) do{Observable::finish_observer_internal(this); return (retval);}while(0)
#endif /* OBSERVER_HPP_ */